The Curriculum for the AI Mentor Knowledge Graph

Curriculum Explorer

This is the full curriculum behind STEMVentor Mentor — the Modules, Projects, and Quizzes that make up the knowledge graph the AI Mentor is grounded in. Every answer it gives traces back to a node on a map like this one, not to generic web knowledge.

The same structure is a template for your own Learning Paths. Assemble a path from these building blocks and ground it in content from any source — your textbooks, your LMS, your own material — or use ours, the library shown here.

Choose a Learning Path from the list, then follow it down its column: Modules connect in sequence, fork where you choose an approach, and rejoin. Expand any block for what it covers.

Module lessonsProject hands-on build next step

How Computers and the Internet Work

Programming · Beginner · 2h 59m · 3 modules

  1. Module1h 5mComputer Hardware

    What's inside a computing device and how the parts work together to take in, process, and return data.

    • Types of Hardware
    • Hardware Components
    • Binary & Data Representation
    • How a CPU Works
    • Operating Systems
  2. Module1h 12mComputer Networks

    How devices connect and communicate — from cables and switches up to TLS and certificates.

    • Network Characteristics
    • Network Components
    • Network Connections
    • Network Protocols
    • Encryption
    • Network Security
  3. Module42mThe Internet

    How the global network and the web are physically and logically put together.

    • Internet Infrastructure
    • Internet Applications
    • World Wide Web
    • Cloud Computing at a Glance

Learn to Code

Programming · Beginner · 4h 34m · 5 modules

  1. Module20mComputational Thinking

    Restate everyday problems as a finite sequence of steps a computer can carry out.

    • Algorithms
    • Flowcharts
  2. Module59mProgramming Constructs

    The building blocks shared by every language, before any specific syntax.

    • Variables & Data Types
    • Arrays
    • Loops
    • Conditional Flows
    • Functions

    Related: Programming Languages — high-level vs low-level

  3. Pick your first language

    Module56mProgramming in Python

    The same constructs you just learned, in Python's plain-English syntax.

    • Variables & Basic Types
    • Conditionals & Loops
    • Collections & Comprehensions
    • Functions & Type Hints
    • Classes & Objects
    • Modules & Imports
    • Async Programming
    ProjectProject · 15mRock Paper Scissors — Python

    A Python program that plays multiple rounds against the player and tracks the score.

    Module54mProgramming Languages

    How languages differ — from the machine's own language up to the ones people write in.

    • Low-Level Languages
    • High-Level Languages
    • JavaScript & Python
    • Compilers
    • Low-Code
    ProjectProject · 15mRock Paper Scissors — JavaScript

    A JavaScript program that plays multiple rounds between two simulated players.

  4. Both tracks rejoin the path
  5. Module45mIntegrated Development Environments

    Bundle a code editor, debugger, and compiler into one tool, with autocomplete and Git on top.

    • Functions of an IDE
    • Types of IDEs
    • Version Control
  6. ProjectProject · 10mOnline IDEs

    Pick an online IDE and use it to write and run a simple program — the path is complete.

Build Apps with Web Tech

Programming · Intermediate · 4h 47m · 8 modules

  1. Module26mTechnology Stacks

    The three languages every browser understands, and the MEAN/MERN and LAMP stacks built on them.

    • HTML, CSS & JavaScript
    • Frameworks
  2. Project4 projects · ~1hFirst Web Projects

    Small builds that put HTML, CSS, and JavaScript together into a working page.

    • Hello World HTML
    • CSS Styling
    • Hyperlinks
    • Rock Paper Scissors Web
  3. Module31mWeb and Mobile

    How apps moved to the web and phone, and the native / cross-platform / PWA tradeoffs.

    • Web & Mobile Apps
    • Types of Apps
    • UI UX Design
  4. Module37mArchitecture

    How application work is split across tiers, and then across many machines.

    • Client Server
    • Multi Tier
    • Distributed & Decentralized
  5. Module53mService Oriented Architecture

    How programs request data and functionality from each other through APIs and microservices.

    • SOA & APIs
    • REST APIs
    • API Gateways
    • Data Formats
    • Asynchronous Functions
    • Callbacks & Promises
  6. Module28mRelational Databases

    Tables, keys, and relationships, and the SQL commands that query and change them.

    • Relational Data Structures
    • SQL
  7. Module15mNoSQL Databases

    Flexible, nested documents, and how they compare to relational tables.

    • NoSQL Data Structures
    • Query Language
  8. Module17mData Security

    Protecting stored data with encryption, and protecting passwords with one-way hashing.

    • Data Encryption
    • Data Hashing
  9. ModuleIntermediate · 18mBig Data

    Why analytics workloads move off the live database, and what they produce.

    • Warehouses & Lakes
    • Data Analytics

Getting Started with Microcontrollers

Physical Computing · Beginner · 6h 23m · 7 modules

  1. Module52mElectricity

    The charge, current, voltage, and resistance behind every circuit.

    • Electric Charge
    • Current
    • Electrical Circuits
    • Voltage
    • Resistance
    • Conductors & Insulators
  2. ModuleIntermediate · 1h 2mElectronics

    Components that control the flow of charge itself — not just convert it to another form.

    • Semiconductors
    • Passive Components
    • Active Components
    • Digital & Analog Signals
    • PWM
    • Power Supply
  3. Module1h 18mDevelopment Boards

    The popular boards, the add-on modules that extend them, and how to read a pinout.

    • Types of Pins
    • Pinout Diagrams
    • Add-on Modules
    • Arduino UNO
    • Arduino Nano
    • ESP32
    • Raspberry Pi Pico
    • STM32
  4. Module26mPower Supply

    Supplying clean DC power, sharing a ground, and why a disconnected pin does not read 0V.

    • Operating Voltage
    • Common Ground
    • Floating Pins
  5. Choose a toolchain

    Module41mArduino Programming

    The setup()/loop() sketch structure and the Arduino IDE compile-and-upload workflow.

    • Arduino Sketches
    • Arduino IDE
    • Arduino Libraries
    Project3 projects · 45mArduino C Projects

    Install the IDE, then write, upload, and test sketches on a Nano and an ESP32.

    • Programming a Nano
    • Serial Communication
    • Programming an ESP32
    Module24mMicroPython Programming

    boot.py / main.py, the Thonny IDE, and the built-in library categories.

    • MicroPython Programs
    • Thonny IDE
    • MicroPython Libraries
    ProjectProject · 15mProgramming a Pico

    Follow the official guide to set up MicroPython and run a first program on a Pico.

  6. Both toolchains continue
  7. Module40mNode-RED Programming

    Build low-code, flow-based programs by wiring nodes together in a browser editor.

    • Node-RED Server
    • Node-RED Editor
    • Node-RED Nodes
    • Node-RED Flows
    • Node-RED Dashboard

Physical Computing

Physical Computing · Intermediate · 14h 27m · 9 modules · 35 projects

  1. Module9mApplications

    Where physical computing shows up — homes, wearables, factories, healthcare.

    • Smart Homes
    • Smart Wearables
  2. ModuleIntermediate · 51mElectronic Circuits

    Choosing components, drawing breadboard/schematic/PCB diagrams, and wiring it up cleanly.

    • Design
    • Diagrams
    • Assembly
    • Fabrication
  3. Module22mBasic Sensors

    How a sensor turns a physical property into a signal, and the accuracy/range/resolution that define its quality.

    • Sensors
  4. Project10 projects · ~2h 45mBasic Sensor Projects

    Wire each sensor to a board and read its data onto the serial monitor.

    • DHT22 Temp/Humidity
    • MQ Gas
    • Ultrasonic
    • Infrared
    • PIR Motion
    • Light
    • Soil Moisture
    • Rain
    • Water Level
    • Sound
  5. ModuleAdvanced Sensors

    Sensors that need calibration, filtering, or fusion before their raw output is usable.

    • (overview)
  6. Project9 projects · ~3h 30mAdvanced Sensor Projects

    Read richer sensors and display their values on an LCD or stream them over the network.

    • IMU (MPU6050)
    • Vibration
    • Load (HX711)
    • Pressure
    • Colour
    • Flex
    • RFID
    • GPS
    • Camera
  7. Module11mControllers

    Turning a microcontroller's low-power signal into real-world motion and switching.

    • Relays
    • Actuators
  8. Project3 projects · 40mController Projects

    Drive a relay, a motor via a driver, and a servo — all from serial input.

    • Relay
    • DC Motor
    • Servo Motor
  9. Module6mInput Devices

    Capturing direct human input — switches, potentiometers, keypads, joysticks.

    • Types of Input Devices
  10. Project5 projects · ~1hInput Device Projects

    Read each input device and print its state or use it to drive an output.

    • Switch
    • Potentiometer
    • 4x4 Keypad
    • Joystick
    • DS3231 RTC
  11. Module5mOutput Devices

    Showing processed data to a human — LEDs, buzzers, LCDs, OLEDs.

    • Output Devices
  12. Project4 projects · 1hOutput Device Projects

    Mix colours, sound a buzzer, and scroll text across a display.

    • RGB LED
    • Pushbutton + Buzzer
    • I2C LCD
    • I2C OLED
  13. Module33mWired Data Transmission

    The three protocols boards use to exchange data over a physical connection.

    • UART
    • SPI
    • I2C
  14. ProjectProject · 20mUART Board Communication

    Exchange data between two boards over a UART link.

  15. Module57mWireless Data Transmission

    Three wireless protocols for board-to-board links without a wire.

    • Bluetooth / BLE
    • LoRa
    • Radio (NRF24L01)
  16. Project3 projects · 2hWireless Comms Projects

    Set up each wireless link and pass data across it between two boards.

    • Bluetooth
    • LoRa
    • NRF24L01

IoT and Smart Homes

IoT · Advanced · 13h 13m · 8 modules · 82 activities

  1. Module30mIoT Applications

    Where IoT scales up — across a city, and across an industrial factory floor.

    • Smart Cities
    • Smart Factories
  2. Module42mIoT Components

    The conceptual hardware-and-software roles every IoT solution is assembled from.

    • Data Acquirers
    • Gateways
    • Processors
    • Action Executors
    • Workers
  3. Module39mChallenges

    The constraints — attack surface, data trust, bandwidth, battery, interoperability — that make IoT hard at scale.

    • Security
    • Reliability
    • Bandwidth
    • Power
    • Standards
  4. Module46mCommunication Protocols

    Getting a device onto a network — wired, wireless, or cellular.

    • Ethernet
    • WiFi
    • GSM & GPRS
  5. Module48mData Exchange Protocols

    Asynchronous messaging, MQTT for constrained devices, and the Matter smart-home standard.

    • Messaging Architecture
    • MQTT
    • Matter
  6. Pick a smart-home build (by hardware on hand)

    ProjectMulti-activity · 24 steps · 2h 32mSmart Home — Arduino Ek R4

    One Ek R4 wiring every sensor, controller, display, and radio into a single full circuit.

    ProjectMulti-activity · 19 steps · 1h 29mSmart Home — Node-RED

    Nano and Pico circuits feed Node-RED over serial and out to an MQTT broker — no WiFi hardware needed.

    ProjectMulti-activity · 27 steps · 1h 45mSmart Home — ESP32 Gateway

    Two Nanos and a Pico bridged by an ESP32 gateway straight to MQTT over WiFi and to the app over BLE.

  7. All three are monitored and controlled from the same app
  8. ModuleAdvanced · 45mEdge AI Fundamentals

    Running AI directly on a device instead of calling a hosted model over the network.

    • Edge AI Overview
    • What Is TinyML
    • Model Quantization
    • Edge Hardware Landscape
    • What's Realistic on Device
  9. ModuleAdvanced · 36mTraining a Tiny Classifier

    The machine-learning workflow behind a tiny on-device classifier, end to end.

    • How Classification Works
    • Collecting & Labeling Data
    • The Training Workflow
    • Evaluating a Model
  10. ProjectMulti-activity · 12 steps · 1h 49mEdge AI Keyword Spotting

    Train one 5-word model, then deploy it two ways — the two-chip Arduino UNO Q and a single-process Raspberry Pi 5.

  11. Module52mSTEMVentor IoT App

    The Android app that reads sensor data and sends control signals over MQTT and BLE.

    • Overview
    • Servers
    • Boards
    • Sensors
    • Devices
    • Dashboards
    • Alerts & Notifications
    • MQTT vs BLE
    • Troubleshooting

Aeronautics and Drones

Drones · Beginner · 5h 36m · 7 modules

  1. Module28mPrinciples of Flight

    The physics that generates lift and gets an aircraft off the ground.

    • Newton's Laws
    • Bernoulli's Principle
    • Forces in Flight
    • Angle of Attack
  2. Module9mMotion in Air

    Roll, pitch, and yaw, and why the exact centre-of-gravity position affects stability.

    • Center of Gravity
    • Axes of Motion
  3. Module36mAirplane Structure

    The main sections of an airframe and what each one does structurally.

    • Fuselage
    • Wings
    • Horizontal Stabiliser
    • Vertical Stabiliser
    • Control Surfaces
    • Power Plants
  4. ModuleIntermediate · 57mNavigation

    The NAVAIDs, charts, and reference frames pilots use to find their way.

    • Navigation Systems
    • Directional Reference
    • Radio Signals
    • GPS
    • Aeronautical Charts
    • Instrument Landing System
  5. Module42mAvionics

    The classic six instruments, the glass cockpit, and the FMS that manages the flight plan.

    • Flight Operation Parameters
    • Flight Instruments
    • Flight Management Systems
  6. Module35mFlying

    A full flight, from route planning through the flare and rollout.

    • Flight Planning
    • Runway Markings
    • Taxiing
    • Taking Off
    • Cruising
    • Landing
  7. Module37mDrones

    Multirotor vs fixed-wing, PID stabilization, and the sensors and links that make a drone autonomous.

    • Types of Drones
    • Drone Structures
    • Control Systems
    • IoT & Drones
    • Applications
  8. ProjectMulti-activity · 15 steps · 1h 32mFlight Parameters

    A Nano captures GPS, IMU, and pressure data and sends it over LoRa to an ESP32 and a Processing instrument panel.

The AI Landscape

AI · Intermediate · 2h 43m · 5 modules

  1. Module26mConcepts

    What actually counts as 'artificial intelligence,' and the genuinely different capabilities the term covers.

    • Human vs Artificial Intelligence
    • AI/ML Algorithms
    • Capability Levels
  2. Module35mApplications

    Where AI/ML is already quietly running inside products you use every day.

    • Customer Service
    • Retail
    • Financial Services
    • Health & Safety
    • Manufacturing
    • Transportation
  3. Module51mAlgorithms-as-a-Service

    Ready-made AI you call as a cloud API instead of building and training a model from scratch.

    • CodeGuru
    • Comprehend
    • Lex
    • Lookout
    • Personalize
    • Polly
    • Rekognition
    • SageMaker
    • Transcribe
    • Speech Recognition
  4. ModuleIntermediate · 18mGenerative AI

    Models that create new content rather than just recognise or analyse existing data.

    • Models
    • Prompt Engineering
    • Amazon Bedrock
  5. ModuleIntermediate · 33mAgentic AI

    When a model is given the ability to act — calling tools and taking multi-step actions toward a goal.

    • What Makes AI Agentic
    • Tool Use & Function Calling
    • Planning & Reasoning Loops
    • Multi-Agent Systems
    • Risks & Human Oversight

Build Your Own AI

AI · Advanced · 10h 39m · 8 modules

  1. ModuleAdvanced · 43mHow LLMs Actually Work

    What a token is, what happens at training vs inference, and the knobs that shape a response.

    • Tokens & Context Windows
    • Training vs Inference
    • Model Size & Tradeoffs
    • Temperature & Sampling
  2. ModuleAdvanced · 39mTalking to an LLM via API

    The shape of a request and response, how roles structure a conversation, and how calls fail.

    • API Keys & Requests
    • Conversation Roles
    • Streaming Responses
    • Errors & Rate Limits
  3. ModuleAdvanced · 41mEmbeddings & Knowledge Storage

    Turning text into vectors so it can be searched by meaning instead of exact words.

    • What Is an Embedding
    • Semantic vs Keyword Search
    • Vector Similarity Search
    • What to Embed
  4. ModuleAdvanced · 31mKnowledge Graphs & Structured Context

    What a graph of relationships captures that meaning-based search alone doesn't.

    • What Is a Knowledge Graph
    • Traversing Relationships
    • Combining Graph & Vector Context
  5. ModuleAdvanced · 58mRetrieval-Augmented Generation

    Grounding an LLM's answers in real, specific content instead of letting it guess.

    • What Grounding Means
    • Chunking for Retrieval
    • Hybrid Retrieval
    • The RAG Pipeline End to End
    • Context & Learner Profile
    • Citing Sources
  6. ModuleAdvanced · 37mAI Workflows and Behaviors

    Designing distinct, deliberate workflows instead of routing every request through one prompt.

    • What Are Workflows
    • Tutoring & Q&A
    • Project Guidance
    • Quiz Generation & Assessment
  7. ModuleAdvanced · 37mBuilding a Chat Interface

    What turns a single question-and-answer exchange into an actual conversation.

    • Conversation History & State
    • Streaming into a UI
    • Session Management
    • Guided Actions vs Free Text
  8. ModuleAdvanced · 37mEvaluating and Safeguarding AI

    Measuring whether answers are actually correct, and building in guardrails to catch bad ones.

    • Why Measure Performance
    • Retrieval & Hallucination Metrics
    • Guardrails
    • Keeping Humans in Control
  9. ProjectMulti-activity · 17 steps · 5h 16mAI Course Mentor

    Build the real AI Mentor end to end — FastAPI, an LLM service, ingestion, pgvector retrieval, the knowledge graph, prompt assembly, and the chat API. It's the system behind this very page.

Blockchain and Distributed Ledgers

Blockchain · Advanced · 2h 17m · 5 modules

  1. Module28mCharacteristics

    What blockchain drops the trusted middleman to achieve, and what that trade-off costs.

    • Decentralisation
    • Transparency
    • Immutability
    • Traceability
    • Transaction Security
  2. Module43mConcepts

    Transactions, hash-linked blocks, mining, and how a network agrees without a central authority.

    • Transactions
    • Blocks
    • Mining
    • Consensus
    • Consensus Algorithms
    • Distributed Ledgers
    • Tokens
  3. Module23mApplications

    The situations where multiple participants who would rather not trust one authority come out ahead.

    • Cryptocurrency
    • Banking & Finance
    • Supply Chain Management
  4. ModuleIntermediate · 21mChallenges

    The real costs — speed, scale, compute, and energy — slowing adoption.

    • Processing Speed
    • Scalability
    • Processing Power
    • Power Consumption
  5. ModuleIntermediate · 22mEncryption

    The cryptographic primitives every blockchain guarantee rests on.

    • Digital Signatures
    • Hash Functions
    • Merkle Trees

Build on the Blockchain

Blockchain · Advanced · 2h 15m · 18 activities

  1. Module~55mConcepts & Program Design

    A gamified share-trading simulation on Solana — the roles, the matching rules, and the on-chain data model.

    • Overview & Tech Stack
    • Trading & Participants
    • Trade Matching Rules
    • Accounts & Keys
    • Programs & Transactions
    • Tokens on Solana
    • Program Design
  2. ProjectRust / Anchor · 12mOn-Chain Program

    The deployed program — every instruction, account context, and data structure from the design lesson.

    • Solana Program Code
  3. Project~40mOff-Chain Backend

    A Node/Express layer split into Solana-facing endpoints that sign transactions and MongoDB-facing reads and writes.

    • Off-Chain Data Design
    • Backend APIs
    • API Server Setup
    • Mongo APIs Code
    • Solana APIs Code
  4. ProjectReact · 6mWeb App

    Two user roles, a trader's three-card dashboard, and why connecting a wallet is not the same as authenticating.

    • Web App Design
  5. Project~26mDeploy & Demo

    Deploy with Solana Playground, wire up Atlas and Phantom, then run trades between two traders end to end.

    • Program Deployment
    • MongoDB & API Setup
    • Wallet & Account Setup
    • Trading Demo Walkthrough

The Big Build

Capstone · Advanced · 1h 34m · 13 activities

  1. Module~38mProblem & Architecture

    A supply-chain DApp that ties together programming, physical computing, IoT, AI, and blockchain — scoped from problem to reference architecture.

    • Overview
    • Supply Chain Problem Statement
    • Exploring Use Cases
    • Solution Architecture & Tech Stack
    • Data Design
  2. Project~11mPhysical + IoT Layer

    Sensors at three microcontroller locations, and the JSON message shape all of them publish to the cloud.

    • Shipment Sensors
    • IoT Data Transmission
  3. Project~5mAI Layer

    One AI service: a raw number-plate photo becomes a registration number the smart contract can check.

    • Automatic Number Plate Recognition
  4. Project~25mBlockchain Layer

    Mainnet vs testnet, the Layer-1/Layer-2 options weighed, and the order-fulfilment contract modeled with structs and mappings.

    • Blockchain Networks & DApps
    • Choosing a Network
    • Smart Contract Design
  5. Project~15mIntegration & Dashboard

    An API Gateway and Lambda microservices route every reading; a four-panel dashboard follows an order from wallet connect to settlement.

    • APIs & Microservices
    • Dashboard Design